Download Le executive functions (EF) They represent a set of cognitive processes fundamental to the regulation of behavior, including working memory, cognitive flexibility, and the inhibition of automatic responses. These processes play a crucial role in learning and academic success, and their deficit is frequently associated with Specific Learning Disorders (SLD)Specific learning disabilities (SLDs), classified as neurodevelopmental disorders, are characterized by significant difficulties in reading, writing, and arithmetic skills, despite normal intellectual functioning. Numerous neuropsychological studies have highlighted how impairments in executive functions not only impact instrumental difficulties but also compromise autonomy, the management of metacognitive processes, academic performance, and, more generally, individual well-being. In recent years, scientific literature has emphasized the importance of interventions aimed at strengthening executive functions in SLDs, highlighting how early intervention is a key factor in reducing the impact of executive difficulties.
This paper examines the role of executive functions in learning disabilities, the main theoretical models of reference, and the empirical evidence relating to rehabilitation interventions. Particular attention is paid to methodologies. evidence-based, the use of digital tools to enhance executive functions, and ecological approaches aimed at transferring skills into everyday life. Given the strengths and limitations of each type of intervention, it emerges that the most effective results can be achieved through an integrated approach that combines interventions evidence-based, digital technologies and ecological strategies, adapting them to the specific characteristics and needs of each individual.